THE BASIC DEFECTS AND THEIR ACCOUNT IN VARIOUS KINDS OF WOOD PRODUCTS
THE BASIC DEFECTS AND THEIR ACCOUNT IN VARIOUS KINDS OF WOOD PRODUCTS |
|
| # | The name of defect | The defect which is taken into account | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| in round timber | in sawn timber | in veneer sheet | ||
| 1. | Knots | + | + | + |
| uncovered knot | + | -- | -- | |
| - round | -- | + | + | |
| - oval | -- | + | + | |
| - spike | -- | + | + | |
| - face | -- | + | -- | |
| - edge | -- | + | -- | |
| - arris | -- | + | -- | |
| - end | -- | + | -- | |
| - stitching | -- | + | -- | |
| - single (scattered) | -- | + | -- | |
| - group | -- | + | -- | |
| - branched | -- | + | -- | |
| - intergrown | -- | + | + | |
| - partially intergrown | -- | + | + | |
| - unintergrown (dead or dry) | -- | + | + | |
| - loose | -- | + | + | |
| - sound | + | + | + | |
| --- light | -- | + | + | |
| --- dark | -- | + | + | |
| --- with cracks | -- | + | + | |
| - decayed | + | + | + | |
| - unsound | + | + | + | |
| - tobacco | + | + | + | |
| - one-sided | -- | + | -- | |
| - traversing (through) | -- | + | -- | |
| overgrown knot | + | -- | -- | |
| 2. | Fissures | |||
| - heart shake | + | + | -- | |
| --- simple | + | + | -- | |
| --- star shake | + | + | -- | |
| - ring shake | + | + | -- | |
| - frost crack | + | + | -- | |
| - check | + | + | -- | |
| - crack | + | + | -- | |
| --- face crack | -- | + | -- | |
| --- edge crack | -- | + | -- | |
| - end shake | + | + | -- | |
| - not traversing | + | + | -- | |
| ---surface check | + | + | -- | |
| ---deep | + | + | -- | |
| - traversing | -- | + | -- | |
| - close | -- | -- | + | |
| - dispersed | -- | -- | + | |
| 3. | Defects of the form of a trunk | |||
| fall-off | + | + * | -- | |
| butting | + | + * | -- | |
| - round | + | -- | -- | |
| - ribbed | + | -- | -- | |
| ovality | + | -- | -- | |
| woodknod | + | + * | -- | |
| sweep | + | + * | -- | |
| - simple | + | + * | -- | |
| - multiple | + | + | -- | |
| 4. | Defects of a structure of wood | |||
| inclination of fibres | + | + | + | |
| - tangential | -- | + | + | |
| - radial | -- | + | + | |
| compression wood* | + | + | + | |
| - local | + | + | + | |
| - continuous | + | + | + | |
| tension wood ** | -- | + | + | |
| curly grain | -- | + | + | |
| - wavy | -- | + | + | |
| - tangled | -- | + | + | |
| tendril | -- | + | + | |
| - unilateral | -- | + | -- | |
| - traversing | -- | + | -- | |
| eyelets | -- | + | + | |
| - scattered | -- | + | + | |
| - group | -- | + | + | |
| - light | -- | -- | + | |
| - dark | -- | -- | + | |
| pitch-pocket | ||||
| - unilateral | -- | + | -- | |
| - traversing | -- | + | -- | |
| pith | -- | + | -- | |
| double pith | + | + | -- | |
| eccentric pith | + | -- | -- | |
| stub | + | + | + | |
| scar | + | + * | -- | |
| bark pocket | + | + | + | |
| - open | + | + | + | |
| ---unilateral | -- | + | -- | |
| ---traversing | -- | + | -- | |
| - closed | + | + | -- | |
| - intergrown | -- | -- | + | |
| - light | -- | -- | + | |
| - dark | -- | -- | + | |
| canker | + | + * | -- | |
| - open | + | -- | -- | |
| - closed | + | -- | -- | |
| resine streak | + | + | + | |
| false core ** | -- | + | + | |
| mottle | -- | + | + | |
| - tangential | -- | + | + | |
| - radial | -- | + | + | |
| - vein | -- | + | + | |
| ---scattered | -- | -- | + | |
| ---group | -- | -- | + | |
| ---traces from veins | -- | -- | + | |
| included sapwood | + | + | + | |
| water-layer | + | + | -- | |
| 5. | Chemical stain | -- | + | + |
| - spent tan | -- | + | + | |
| - yellowness* | -- | + | + | |
| - light | -- | -- | + | |
| - dark | -- | -- | + | |
| 6. | Fungus defeats | |||
| fungus nucleus stains | + | + | + | |
| mould | -- | + | + | |
| sapwood fungus colourings | + | + | + | |
| - blue stain | + | + | + | |
| - color sapwood stains | + | + | + | |
| - light | -- | + | + | |
| - dark | -- | + | + | |
| - surface | + | + | -- | |
| - deep | + | + | -- | |
| - sublayer | + | + | -- | |
| brown streak ** | + | + | + | |
| - face | + | -- | -- | |
| - lateral | + | -- | -- | |
| rot | + | + | + | |
| - mottley sieve | + | + | -- | |
| - brown cracked | + | + | -- | |
| - white ** | + | + | -- | |
| - sapwood | + | + | + | |
| ---firm | + | + | + | |
| ---soft | + | + | + | |
| - heartwood | + | + | + | |
| - external mouldering | + | -- | -- | |
| hollow heart | + | + | + | |
| 7. | Biological deteriorations | |||
| wormhole | + | + | + | |
| - superficial | + | + * | -- | |
| - not deep | + | + | -- | |
| - deep | + | + | -- | |
| ---large | + | + | + | |
| ---not large | + | + | + | |
| - traversing | -- | + | + | |
| deterioration of wood by parasitic plants | ||||
| - superficial | -- | + | -- | |
| - deep | -- | + | -- | |
| by bird pecks | + | -- | -- | |
| 8. | Foreign bodies, mechanical dama ges and defects of processing | |||
| foreign bodies | + | + | -- | |
| carbonification | + | + | -- | |
| barking | + | -- | -- | |
| tapping cut | + | + * | -- | |
| butt trimming | + | + | -- | |
| wane | -- | + | -- | |
| - blunt | -- | + | -- | |
| - sharp | -- | + | -- | |
| закорина | -- | -- | + | |
| tooth marks | -- | + | + | |
| snaking | -- | + | -- | |
| hairiness | -- | + | + | |
| torn grain | -- | + | + | |
| fringe | -- | + | -- | |
| notch | + | + | -- | |
| sawcut | + | + | -- | |
| detachment | + | + | -- | |
| chip | + | + | -- | |
| flag | + | + | -- | |
| agnail | -- | + | -- | |
| shear | + | + | + | |
| teases | -- | + | -- | |
| dent | -- | + | -- | |
| dint | -- | + | + | |
| fragmentary butt-end | -- | + | -- | |
| ripples of veneer sheet | -- | -- | + | |
| pinhole | -- | + | + | |
| scratch | -- | + | + | |
| snatch | -- | + | -- | |
| not milling | -- | + | -- | |
| comb | -- | + | + | |
| polishing | -- | + | -- | |
| shortage of polishing | -- | + | -- | |
| burn | -- | + | -- | |
| 9. | Warp | -- | + | + |
| bow | -- | + | -- | |
| - simple | -- | + | -- | |
| - compound | -- | + | -- | |
| spring | -- | + | -- | |
| cup | -- | + | -- | |
| twist | -- | + | -- | |
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